Poicephalus FAQ
by
Ken Hulme
kshulme@csos.orst.edu

All the Poicephalus are known for their quiet playfulness, their beautiful coloration, and their suitability for apartment living as companion birds. They're not great talkers like the African Grey or Timneh, but can learn a reasonable vocabulary, depending on the individual bird and the owner's willingness to spend time training. Wild caught birds are very shy and don't make very good pets, but hand-fed babies are excellent companions.

All the Poicephalus species make good "Home Alone" birds for those who want a parrot but who can't spend lots of time (more than an hour or so per day) with their companions; or where the bird will spend the day alone while you're at work. How much time can the bird be alone and caged? A day or two or a long weekend is OK but much longer isn't good. For one thing there's the matter of food and water which won't last much more than that without refilling.

Just weaned hand-fed babies from a breeder are preferable to pet shop stock. Not that pet shops are bad sources of birds, but buying from a breeder, you'll know exactly what you're getting in terms of health, age and degree of imprinting on humans.



The Poicephalus most available as pets (in order) are:
P. senegalus Senegal Parrot 8-9"
Grey/black hood and wings, green/orange/yellow breast, bright yellow eyes in adults. Several sub-species varying in coloration. Cost:$149-$500*

P. meyeri Meyers Parrot 8-9"
Grey/black hood and wings, aqua breast, turquoise back, yellow shoulder flashes and head patch, yellowish-green underparts, bright red eyes in adults. Several sub-species varying in coloration. Cost:$225-$500*

P. gulielmi Jardines Parrot 10-12"
Black & green wings, green head, belly and underparts. Orange/red forehead, socks, and leading edge of the shoulder/wing. Brown eyes in adults. Several sub-species varying in coloration. Cost:$500-975*

P. rufiventris Red-bellied Parrot 8-9"
Subtle chest colors - gray-green with red tinges; dark grey wings. The males have red-orange chests -- the only true sexually dimorphic Poicephalus. Cost:$200-500*


Other Poicephalus:

P. cryptoxanthus  Brown-head    8-9"    Occasional pet $200-500
P. robustus       Cape          13-14"  Occasional pet $1000+
P. rueppelli      Ruppells      8-9"    Occasional pet $300-700
P. crassus        Niam-niam     8-9"    Seldom if ever seen
P. flavifrons     Yellow-faced  8-9"    Seldom if ever seen


*Costs:
These highs and lows reflect the difference between breeder (wholesale) and pet store (retail) prices, and to some extent price variations in different parts of the country. Breeder birds and breeding pairs are often cheaper, but aren't suitable as companion birds.

Vocalization:
The Poicephalus aren't noted screamers or otherwise loud or noisy. Most of their sounds are low key whistles, chirps, squeaks, and assorted chattering. Cockatiels are often more noisy (and more obnoxiously so) than Senegals, Meyers, or Jardines.

Activities:
Poicephalus love acrobatics - hanging, swinging, and climbing. Toys such as chopsticks, plastic film cans, Olympic Rings, and a bell on a string are favorites. They love to cuddle, climbing into your lap, shoulder sitting, and otherwise tucking their head into your neck. All love head scratching, and will often lie on their back in your hand, totally limp, while you scratch away. All them love bathing, and will usually do so on their own a couple of times per week if you provide them with a bath; if you don't, they may just use their water bowl! Some individuals can be potty trained, and one reader noted that his companion was self-trained in that regard. Generally the Poicephalus get along well with other companion birds of diverse species without displaying the jealously common to many species in that situation; but occasional individuals can be bullies.

Cages:
All but the Cape Parrot can be nicely housed in an 18"x 18" x 24" cage. Bar spacing of 1" or 7/8" is preferred; 1/2" or 5/8" spacing is too close and will cost your pet ragged tail feathers. A good rule of thumb on cage size is that smallest dimension should be 1.5x the wingspan of the resident. That way there's room to flap without bashing into walls. However, "the bigger the better". The cage should have a floor grate, and should be cleaned every other day at least. Poicephalus seem to like to nibble a bit of food from their bowls then drop it to the floor to save as a "scavenged" snack later; so cage cleanliness is important to prevent them from eating fouled or stale/moldy food.

Foods:
Some Poicephalus may be leery of trying new foods, others won't. Given a second or third look, most will eat virtually anything you set before them. Although converting them to pelleted diets is not often successful, LeFeber Nutriberries are a good transition food or nutritious treat. Favorite foods include grapes, peanuts, cherries, cooked pasta, and boiled or sprouted bean mixes. They'll prefer fruits over vegies, given half a chance. Zucchini, other squash, corn on the cob, radishes, bell peppers of all colors, jalapenos of all levels of fieriness, yams, apples, oranges, and multi-grain breads are all acceptable foods. The important thing is a balanced diet. Keep a good seed mix in their cage cups, and serve the other items as daily snacks by hand or in a playpen food cup. About 1/4 cup of assorted food per day is average for Poicephalus (the larger Jardines will go for 1/2 cup).

Finding a breeder:
Check Bird Talk magazine. And your local bird club. Most will ship and guarantee health. The only disadvantage to a really distant breeder is that you can't go pick out the one you want.


Publications:

The Guide to the Well Behaved Parrot by Mattie-Sue Athan
An excellent book, full of good, useful information.

The African Ark, newsletter of the African Parrot Society
Another good source for breeders/sellers. A good mixture of breeder and companion bird articles.
 Editor: Randy Karg
 P.O. Box 204
 Clarinda, IA 51632-2731
 $15 per year.


Special Thanks To: Pat_Sullivan@macgate.csuchico.edu, pappi@twics.co.JP
blue@cam.nist.gov, pcsg8264@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu, mmd@hotlg.att.com for their
help in preparing this document, and information about their particular
Poicephalus companions.


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